Toye Oyelese was born in Montreal, Canada to Nigerian parents. In June 1985 he graduated with a medical degree from the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan in Nigeria. In October 1987 he left Nigeria and came to Canada. For two months he received social welfare assistance, then worked as a security guard and later in a chemical plant.

He passed the medical evaluation exams and was accepted into the Canadian Armed Forces' Medical Officer Training Program. Between 1989 and 1991 he completed a medical internship at Saskatoon City Hospital. Following his internship in 1991 he joined the Canadian Armed Forces as a regular officer and was posted to the 1st Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry from July 1991 to August 1993. In Calgary, Alberta, he served as deputy base surgeon at the base hospital. From September 1993 to November 1994 he also qualified as a flight surgeon, which required completing an aeronautical medicine course.

He retired as a Lieutenant (Navy) in 1994 and moved to Milk River in southern Alberta, where he lived between November 1994 and May 1997. He also served as Medical Examiner (Coroner) for the Alberta Ministry of Justice during this time. After moving to Spruce Grove, Alberta in May 1997, he practised family medicine and emergency medicine.

From April 1998 to April 1999 he worked as a medical advisor with the Workers' Compensation Board in Edmonton, Alberta, in addition to family practice. From July 2001 to November 2003 he worked as a medical consultant with Millard Health's minor traumatic brain injury program and complex psychosocial pain program. During this time he developed a passion for wellness medicine and completed a medical acupuncture certificate program at the University of Alberta.

After moving back to Calgary in January 2004, he worked as a travel medicine consultant, a medical consultant for Orion Health, an urgent care physician with Calgary Health Region at Okotoks Urgent Care Centre, a disability medicine consultant for Lifemark Health, and a pain medicine physician at Canmore Pain Clinic. He was also a certified independent medical examiner and a medical review officer involved in drug and alcohol screening in the workplace.

In August 2009 he moved to Kelowna, British Columbia, where he practises family medicine at Westside Medical Associates. He obtained a fellowship in family medicine and volunteered as an exam coordinator for the College of Family Physicians of Canada examinations for many years. He also worked at UBC Okanagan's Health and Wellness Clinic.

He is a Clinical Associate Professor at the UBC Faculty of Medicine. He was President of BC Family Doctors (2021-2022) and represented BC and Yukon on the Canadian Medical Protective Association's Board of Directors (2022-2025). He presently sits on the boards of the BC College of Family Physicians, the Health Data Coalition and the Central Okanagan Division of Family Practice. He is the Chief Executive Officer of Westside Medical Associates Ltd.